中文名称(Chinese name):腺苷
中文别名(Chinese aliases):D-腺嘌呤核苷;腺嘌呤核苷
英文名称(English name):Adenosine
英文别名(English aliases):AR;Adenosine free base
CAS No.58-61-7
分子式(Molecular formula):C10H13N5O4
分子量(Molecular weight):267.25
分子结构(structural formula):

物化性质(Physical properties):
本品为白色结晶或类白色结晶性粉末。
This product is a white to off-white crystal or crystalline powder.
纯度(Purity)HPLC:≥98.0%
贮藏(storage):密封遮光保存。Preserve in tight, light-resistant containers.
应用领域(Application field)
1. 神经系统中的作用
腺苷在中枢神经系统中作为抑制性神经递质,参与调节神经活动、睡眠与觉醒周期。
2. 心血管系统调节
腺苷在心血管系统中通过激活 A1 受体来减慢心率,并促进冠状动脉扩张,从而增加心脏血流量。
3. 免疫调节与抗炎
腺苷在免疫系统中通过与 A2A 受体结合,调节免疫细胞的活性,具有抗炎作用。
4. 睡眠调节
腺苷通过在大脑中积累,促使睡意的产生。
5. 心脏保护与缺血预处理
腺苷在缺血预处理中具有保护作用。短暂的缺血刺激可以通过腺苷受体的激活,增强心脏对缺血再灌注损伤的耐受性,从而减少心肌梗死的范围。
6. 药物开发与应用
腺苷及其受体是药物开发的重要靶点。
参考文献:
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[3] Belardinelli, L., et al. (1995). Adenosine: Cardiac electrophysiology and pharmacology. Circulation, 91(5), 1334-1347.
[4] Hasko, G., & Cronstein, B. N. (2004). Adenosine: An endogenous regulator of innate immunity. Trends in Immunology, 25(1), 33-39.
[5] Antonioli, L., et al. (2013). Adenosine signaling in the immune system: Where are we now? Purinergic Signalling, 9(2), 251-272.
[6] Hausenloy, D. J., & Yellon, D. M. (2013). Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury: A neglected therapeutic target. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 123(1), 92-100.
[7] Borea, P. A., et al. (2018). A2A adenosine receptor as a therapeutic target—What we learned from preclinical and clinical studies. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 9, 243.